美国联邦储备委员会是如何运作的？(2)【沪江慢速VOA 9-27】

US Central Bank Moves to Ease Credit, Protect Economy (2/2)

The committee said economic growth was moderate during the first half of the year. But it said the reduced availability of credit could intensify the current housing problems and restrain economic growth. The policy makers also said that some inflation risks remain and will be watched carefully.

The Fed's action will help some homeowners and other borrowers. What is not clear, though, is how much it will do for many homeowners facing sharply higher payments. Their payments on adjustable-rate mortgages will still go up, though not as high as they would have. By the end of next year, an estimated two million or more holders of subprime loans will have their rates reset higher. These loans were made to people with weak credit histories.

The Fed also cut its discount rate for direct loans to banks by half a point, to five and one-quarter percent, to increase their lending ability. The traditional opinion of borrowing from the so-called discount window was that it represented a sign of weakness.

Stock markets rose sharply after the Fed cut interest rates. But not everyone was so pleased. Some experts warn that cutting rates could raise inflation. They also say it helps those who made unwise borrowing decisions.

参考译文：

美联储称上半年的经济增长稳定，但信用度的减少会加重现今的住房问题的，限制经济增长。政策制定者称存在通货膨胀的风险，需予以关注。

美联储的举措会帮助到一些房主和其他借贷者。该政策究竟能给众多的房主带来多大的帮助，以面临房款的急剧上涨，现在仍然不得而知。他们需付的按揭款会继续升高――虽然没有设想的那么高。

明年底，估计有200万或更多的次级房屋贷款拥有者会面临调整后更高的利率。此类贷款的对象是信用记录不佳的人群。

与此同时，美联储将会把从银行直接贷款的贴现率调整到5.25％，降低了0.5个百分点,以增加他们的借贷能力。传统观点认为：从贴现窗口借钱是经济实力弱的象征。

美联储降低利率后股市飙升，然而不是每个人都对此感到高兴，一些专家告诫说：降低利率会提高通货膨胀，他们还说这帮助了那些做出不明智借款选择的人。

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