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14. Psychoactive substances are commonly grouped according to whether they are stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogens.
【译文】刺激神经类物质通常分为兴奋剂、镇静剂和幻觉剂。
【析句】这是一个简单句。句子的主干部分是Psychoactive substances are… grouped according to…。whether引导宾语从句(whether they are stimulants,depressants, or hallucinogens)作介词according to的宾语。
【讲词】group作动词表示“分类”。 This article describes how files are grouped when you view them in folders.(这篇文章介绍在你浏览文件夹中的文档时,文档是怎么分类的。)
1997 Passage 415. “Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. “You have sold your souls,but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?”
【译文】参议员罗伯特·多尔上星期质问时代华纳公司高层人士时说:“难道这就是你们要成就的事业吗?你们已经出卖了自己的灵魂,难道你们还非要腐化我们的国家,威胁我们的孩子不成?”
【析句】这是一个有直接引语的复杂句。首先抓住核心句Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week,其前后是直接引语。这个直接引语的前半部分是一个一般疑问句,后面由两个转折关系的句子构成,由连词but连接。第二个分句中, but后面的句子是一个一般疑问句,由情态动词must引导,包括由and这个连词连接的两个并列部分(corrupt our nation和threaten our children as well)。
【讲词】corrupt意为“(使)腐败;腐烂;贿赂”,既可作动词也可作形容词。He was sent to prison for trying to corrupt a tax official with money.(他因企图向税务官员行贿而被判入狱。)You are corrupted at heart.(你心术不正。)The text was corrupted by careless copyists.(原文因抄写员粗心而有讹误。)
16. It's a self-examination that has,at various times,involved issues of responsibility,creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.
【译文】这只是在不同时期涉及责任、创作自由和公司底线问题的自我反省。
【析句】这是一个有定语从句的复杂句。主干为It is a self-examination,that后面引导的是限定性定语从句,修饰self examination,定语从句的宾语是一个of词组,跟着三个并列的名词短语,用来修饰和限定issues。at various times是插入语,作句子的状语。
【讲词】 bottom line意为“底价;底线”。My bottom line is $3000.(我的底价是三千元。)The government's bottom line with regard to the trade issue has not changed.(政府关于贸易争端的底线并没有发生变化。)
corporate意为“公司的;社团的;法人的;共同的”。They made a corporate effort to finish the job.(他们通过集体的共同努力完成这项工作。)
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