沪研专题
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沪研每周一书
2009年硕士研究生辅导书套餐大优惠
4、This success,coupled with later research showing that memory itself as not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one.
【译文】这一成功,以及后来显示记忆本身并非由基因所决定的研究,让埃里克森得到这样的结论,即记忆行为是一种认识练习,而不是一种直觉练习
【析句】句子虽长,却是一个简单句,主语是This success,谓语是led,后面接两个宾语,一是Ericsson,一是不定式to conclude。不定式本身接that引导的宾语从句。
【讲词】couple 作名词表示"(一)对,(一)双;夫妇",作动词表示"连接;结合;结婚"。to be coupled with意为to be together with。例如:She coupled her refusal with an explanation.(她解释了拒绝的原因。)genetically determined意为"(是)由基因决定的"。genetically的名词是gene(基因),形容词是genetic,它们与generate,general,generation等来自同一词根。cognitive 意为"认知的",其名词是cognition(认知,认知力)。
5、Their work makes a rather startling assertion: the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. Or, put another way, expert performers-whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming-are nearly always made, not born.
【译文】他们的工作得出了一个惊人的观点:我们通常称之为天才的特性被高估了。换句话说,在记忆、外科、芭蕾或计算机程序方面的专业人士,他们几乎都是后天努力的结果,并非天生如此。
【析句】第一句是简单句,冒号后的成分是宾语assertion的同位语,而同位语中又包含一个定语从句修饰the trait。在第二句中,or和put another way是插入语,句子的主干是expert... are... made, not born。whether in... programming作定语。
【讲词】startling 意为"惊人的,令人吃惊的",其同义词有surprising、astonishing、stunning、astounding等。assertion 表示"主张;断言;声明"。talent 意为"天才;才干;才能",注意中文的"人才市场",英语应用job market来表示。overrate "高估",其反义词是underrate(低估)。expert 句中的意思是"专家的,专业的",expert performers 表示"专业人士"。made 句中意为"通过后天努力而成就的(人)"。born 指"天生的",如:She is a born star.
2007 Text 21、It's not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.
【译文】有些问题连一些最杰出的诗人和哲学家都难以回答,但是想象物体和计算数字模式的能力却能使人找出答案,其中原因并不为人所知。
【析句】这是一个简单句,It只是形式主语,真正的主语是how引导的主语从句。而在主语从句中,主语是the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns,谓语是suits,宾语是one,to answer questions是宾语补足语,而questions后又跟了一个定语从句。
【讲词】visualize意为"想象",是imagine的同义词。例如:He had a hard time to visualize the scene as it was described.(他难以设想所描绘的场景。)
elude表示"躲避",也可表示"理解不了,想不起来"。根据句中的意思,可以译为"回答不了"。例如:The answer to this question eluded me for a long time, perhaps because it was so simple.(这个问题的答案我想了许久,也许是因为问题太简单了。)
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